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As you all are aware infertility issues are on the rise in today’s era. Males and females are equally responsible for this situation. Around the age of 30 years, the chances of getting pregnant naturally are around 20% every period cycle (provided both partners are healthy). This drops to around 5% at the age of 40 years. One should seek infertility treatment when one is not able to conceive naturally even after having unprotected intercourse for one year. These criteria may change if your age is on the higher side.
Ovulation induction is done when your ovaries are not able to make good quality eggs naturally or when all your reports look good but you are not able to conceive naturally. With medicines your ovary is stimulated (with oral medicines or injections) to make one or two good quality eggs and it is monitored with sonography. On the day when the egg is about to get separated from the ovary, the couple is advised to have coitus. This is the most basic form of infertility treatment. One may try this method for 3-6 months.
IUI (intrauterine insemination) is considered the first line of treatment in unexplained cases (when all your reports are normal but you are not able to conceive naturally) of infertility. It may be done in other conditions like mild endometriosis, mild male subfertility, erectile dysfunction, cervical mucous problems, etc. In this procedure, your doctor may give a female partner, drugs to stimulate one or two good quality eggs from the ovary (ovulation induction). On the day when the egg is about to separate from the ovary, semen is washed in the laboratory to remove all the impurities. Washed semen is loaded in a specialized syringe and it is then introduced inside the uterus. So the purpose of this procedure is to put the purest form of semen as close as possible to the female egg. One can try this procedure for 3-6 months before going for more advanced art treatment.
Ivf (in vitro fertilization) is a more advanced form of art treatment in which female eggs are fertilized with male sperm inside the controlled laboratory environment to produce embryos. These embryos thus produced are transferred back to the uterus. The steps of a typical IVF cycle are:
Ovulation induction to produce multiple female eggs.
Ovum pickup: when eggs are mature they are collected inside the operation theatre under sonography guidance.
Fertilization: eggs thus collected are fertilized inside the IVF laboratory to produce embryos. Nowadays fertilization is done by the procedure called icsi as fertilization rates are higher with this procedure (around 70%).
Embryo transfer: embryos are grown inside the laboratory incubators for three or five days. Not all eggs that are fertilized become good quality embryos. The chances of making a good quality embryo are around 50% (if 10 eggs are fertilized by icsi, only 5 may become good quality embryos). There are two methods for embryo transfer. One is fresh embryo transfer and the other is frozen embryo transfer. A fresh embryo transfer means your embryo is inserted into your uterus between three and seven days after the egg retrieval procedure. This embryo hasn’t been frozen and is “fresh.” a frozen embryo transfer means that frozen embryos (from a previous IVF cycle or donor eggs) are thawed and inserted into your uterus. This is a more common practice because this method is more likely to result in a live birth. Frozen embryo transfers can occur years after egg retrieval and fertilization.
Pregnancy occurs when the embryo implants itself into the lining of your uterus. Your doctor will use a blood test to determine if you’re pregnant approximately nine to 14 days after embryo transfer.
Male factors are diagnosed based on semen parameters. The most important semen parameters (according to who) are count, motility, and morphology (anatomy). If one or more of these parameters are altered, it is considered as male factor subfertility. If the semen analysis is altered, your doctor may ask you to do further checkups like scrotal sonography (doppler), transrectal sonography (trus), chromosomal study, hormonal study, etc. Depending on your cause doctor may prescribe you oral medicines or injections or surgery.
Welcome to krishvi Hospital, We are a specialised healthcare facility committed to giving women of all ages complete medical care and assistance.
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